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_Bio Lab Report _
By: Kelli Oneal
This study was done to determine and compare the suvivorship curves of people
who died prior to1945 and after 1945. Many medical advances have been made in
this country since 1945. We have developed many new drugs, vaccines, and
medical equipment that have aided in prolonging and saving lives of humans. We
have also developed many new techniques to test for diesases and this helps
people get the proper medical attention before the disease gets to the point
where it can no longer be controlled. I would think that the general belief of
most people is that the survivorship of mankind would have dramatically
increased after 1945 because of how far science has come in that time. The
lifespan of humans throughout history has gotten longer, because of medical
advances. The deaths of the people studied will most likely not only be from
disease or sickness but other causes, such as war, violence, drugs,
automobiles, etc. Methods &Materials: We received a data sheet to collect the
data from our findings. The sheet is two-sided, with blank columns to record
the male and female individuals and the age of their death. The age of death
column is divided into five year intervals. One side of the sheet is to
collect the information for those that died before and in the year1945. The
second side is for the data of those that have died after the year 1945. We
went to the Cullowhee graveyard to collect the data off of all of the
gravestones in the cemetary. Since the graveyard is so big and not in exact
rows, we had to be sure that be would not contaminate the data and duplicate
the headstones, so we roped off the sections to be sure not to. When examining
the headstones, we looked at the headstone and determined if they were male or
female, by the name or markings on the headstone. Second, we looked at the
date of death to determine which class to put them in. Third, we subtracted
the year of death from the year of birth to determine the age of death. After
gathering all of this data, we would mark the appropraite space on the data
collection sheet. After gathering all of the data from the gravestones, we
totaled the number of male and female deaths per age classification, on both
pre and post 1945 data sheets. We also determined the total number of
gravestones, or deaths by male and female as well as before and after 1945.
Next, we used a second data collection sheet to determine the percentage of
people survivng and the rate of mortality by age class for both males and
females, pre and post 1945. To determine the rate of mortality, we took the
total number of male and females who died before and after 1945 and divided
the number of deaths per age class by the total number of people that were
born. To determine the percentage of people surviving, we first calculated the
number of people who were still living or had not died yet. To determine this
number, we subtracted the number of males and females that died, per age class
from the total number of the previous deaths. After calculating the number of
people who were still alive by age class for pre and post 1945 deaths, I
divided this number into the total amount of people who were alive at the
beginning. This number is the percentage of people surviving. This calculation
was done for all of the age classes for pre and post 1945 data. To visually
see the survival percentage of males and females who died before and after
1945, I put this data into graph form using Microsoft Excel. RESULTS: The
graphs of the data that I collected on this experiment clearly shows a higher
percentage of survivorship after 1945 for both males and females. In both
graphs, it is shown that females live longer than males and the rate of death
for younger males and females is much lower after 1945. It is also clearly
shown when comparing the pre and post data that people have lived longer and
to a greater age since 1945.
Word Count: 701
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